THE THESMOPHORIAZUS Essay Example For Students

THE THESMOPHORIAZUS? Essay A monologue from the play by Aristophanes NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from Aristophanes: The Eleven Comedies. Trans. Anonymous. London: The Athenian Society, 1922. FIRST WOMAN: If I have asked to speak, may the goddesses bear me witness, it was not for sake of ostentation. But I have long been pained to see us women insulted by this Euripides, this son of the grocer-woman, who loads us with every kind of indignity. Has he not hit us enough, columniated us sufficiently, wherever there are spectators, tragedians, and a chorus? Does he not style us lecherous, drunken, traitorous, boastful? Does he not repeat that we are all vice, that we are the curse of our husbands? So that, directly they come back from the theatre, they look at us doubtfully and go searching every nook, fearing there may be some hidden lover. We can do nothing as we used to, so many are the false ideas which he has instilled into our husbands. Is a woman weaving a garland for herself? Tis because she is in love. Does she let some vase drop while going or returning to the house? Her husband asks her in whose honour she has broken it, It can only be for that Corinthian stranger. Is a maiden unwell? Straightway her brother says, That is a colour that does not please me. And if a childless woman wishes to substitute one, the deceit can no longer be a secret, for the neighbors will insist on being present at her delivery. Formerly the old men married young girls, but they have been so columniated that none think of them now, thanks to the verse: A woman is the tyrant of the old man who marries her. Again, it is because of Euripides that we are incessantly watched, that we are shut up behind bolts and bars, and that dogs are kept to frighten off the gallants. Let that pass; but formerly it was we who had the care of the food, who fetched the flour from the storeroom, the oil and the wine; we can do it no more. Our husbands now carry little Spartan keys on their persons, made with three notches and full of malice and spite. Formerly it sufficed to purchase a ring marked with the same sign for three obols, to open the most securely sealed-up door; but now this pe stilent Euripides has taught men to hang seals of worm-eaten wood about their necks. My opinion, therefore, is that we should rid ourselves of our enemy by poison or by any other means, provided he dies. That is what I announce publicly; as to certain points, which I wish to keep secret, I propose to record them on the secretarys minutes. We will write a custom essay on THE THESMOPHORIAZUS? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Your Professional Bio How to Decide What to Include

Your Professional Bio How to Decide What to Include By Barbra Sundquist, Guest Blogger How Ever Do You Choose? Probably the hardest part of writing a professional bio is deciding what to put in and what to leave out.   After all, a bio is supposed to be short.   But most of us have done lots of different things in our work careers. How do you decide what to focus on? Theres a simple answer: focus on whats going to be most relevant and impressive to your target reader. A Bio is Not a Resume. You dont have to list everything youve ever done. Just focus on the parts that are going to sell you to your reader. So How  Do  You   Sell Yourself  ?   Heres How I Did It: When I wrote my bio for  HowToWriteBio.com, I focused on my technical writing and business coaching background the information that shows I know what Im talking about when it comes to writing professional bios. Thats what you want to know about me in this context, right?   You dont really care that over the past 30 years I have also been a waitress, private eye, bank teller, piano teacher, landscaper, university instructor, management consultant and business coach (and yes, I have been all those things). I left out that history and focused on what would â€Å"sell† me to people thinking about purchasing one of my bio templates. This is what I came up with: Barbra Sundquist is an experienced technical writer and business coach with a gift for taking complex info and making it clear. Over the past 20 years, Barbra has interviewed over 2500 people in a wide range of jobs to create their job profiles. She brings this broad knowledge of different jobs to her work as a bio template writer. Stick to the Program! As you can see, I don’t mention all my previous jobs. I don’t even mention that I have a bachelor’s degree in psychology and a master’s degree in public administration. What I do include is the information that is relevant to my audience: 1) technical writer with 20 years experience (lets the reader know that I am an expert writer with many years of experience) 2) business coach (assures the reader that I understand business and what’s required for a good professional bio) 3) interviewer of  over 2500 people in a wide range of jobs (again, lets the reader know that I have lots of experience doing this exact thing) Targeted Advertising My bio is targeted toward people who are on my How To Write Bio website. They’re reading my bio because they’re deciding whether I sound like someone they would be willing to buy a bio template from. So I make sure to include only the information that answers that question. I don’t distract them with other information. A bio is a little advertisement for you.   Think about who will be reading your bio and what you want them to know about you.   Then advertise your best and most relevant features! About the author: Barbra Sundquist helps people communicate much more quickly and effectively on a broad range of subjects. Her most popular website is www.HowToWriteBio.com. Category:Bio WritingBy Brenda BernsteinAugust 16, 2009

Developing a conceptual framework is an impossible possibility Essay - 2

Developing a conceptual framework is an impossible possibility - Essay Example Conceptual frameworks have been constantly changed from them. However, individual organizations have come up with their own conceptual frameworks that suit specific organizational needs. A conceptual framework provides an over view of how things should be done in an organization. It is a coherent system of related objectives and fundamentals that should lead to consistent standards that prescribe the nature, function, and limits of financial accounting and financial statements.† (Foulks Lynch 1998) A conceptual framework development takes time. The worst part is that once it is ready, hardly any of those principles are applied since the dynamic economic environment will be experiencing other challenges. Conceptual framework is like a constitution in financial accounting that stipulates its nature, function and its limits. The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) also came up with an internationally recognized conceptual framework, which aims at streamlining the accou nting principles worldwide. This promotes external investments. The second function of the conceptual framework is to solve any emerging problems in the accounting sector. This explains why the boards are constantly reviewing the conceptual framework to suite the new challenges. ... The risk of not having a conceptual framework is the cropping up of haphazard standards. Without standards, businesses will even come up with their own frameworks that give them an advantage over others. This will lead to inconsistence in the basic principles. A strong conceptual framework will shield the financial sector from manipulation by other powerful forces such as the politicians and other interested parties. The process of developing a conceptual framework is done through a long deliberation among the board members. A good framework forms a good basis for a company. The advantages of a conceptual framework are as follows. It establishes standards that are logical and consistent. The CF stipulates rules and policies on how certain things should be carried out. The company will not just act anyhow, but it will be guided by certain rules, which maintain standardization. The conceptual framework provides rules to be followed when no other accounting principle can be applied. In accounting, rules are followed to the letter, but in some cases, there are no rules. The conceptual framework will come in; though most of its rules are general, they deal with all aspects of accounting. A conceptual framework builds the public trust in accounting. Financial reports and statements are known to be credible. This is because the public knows that there are bodies that set principles to govern them. Other advantages of the conceptual framework include avoiding conflict between user groups and ensuring accountability. The demerit of the conceptual framework is that it does not address the needs of the diverse users. There is no conceptual framework that can address the needs of everybody, and that is

The Urban Thought of Jane Jacobs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Urban Thought of Jane Jacobs - Essay Example These books presented an in dept look into the perspective urban economics, growth of open ended methods and the basic essentiality of dynamism in the thought process. In 1992 she published another book named Systems of Survival that looked into the aspects of political philosophy and the interpretation of political philosophies but here also the theme remained attached to the functionality of urbanization and development related to urbanization and its ultimate consequences. The method of Jane Jacobs is quite different from her contemporaries who indulge into the aspects of thought process related to the facet of urban planning. Her basic mode of operation is a combination of different subjects like sociology, journalism and literature here the ultimate result is a well written book the looks at the parameters of a city from the perspective of the street-corners or sidewalks. He is not a person whose perspective or notion about a city develops from the cushion and air conditioned chambered point of view but she is more of a down to earth person when it comes to determining the nature of a city with its vibe and day to day affairs. Jane Jacobs believes that the basic health of a city depends on several variables. According to belief a healthy city must be serendipitous, spontaneous, messy and organic in nature. But at the same time she indicates that the cities to be really healthy they must formulate a planning where there would be use of mixed lands and not just a compilation of concrete structures that have just office parks and business plazas. She believes that the city must have human diversity, a good economic infrastructure and should have an agricultural mode. There should not be only office structure that replace densely populated neighborhoods for city beautification or slum clearance but should be targeted towards redevelopment plan that focus on diversity and well being. In her words "it (cities) should be like itself. Every city has differences, from its history, from its site, and so on. These are important. One of the most dismal things is when you go to a city and it's like 12 others you've se en. That's not interesting, and it's not really truthful." (Steigerwald, 1) It should be remembered in this context that Jane Jacobs never had the luxury of professional training in city planning. In fact the only qualification she had was her diploma from high school. This is an extraordinary feat considering the fact that her radical ideas as published in The Death and Life of Great American Cities reveals the freshness of a mind that indulges deeply into the solution statements of deep rooted problems associated with city planning and improvement. Thus her ideas of the variables to make a city more livable became very popular among many segments of thinkers of the subject and few even started to consider her writing as fundamental as the Bible. However, it should be remembered that the popularity of Jacobs also depended on the activities that she was involved outside the parameters of writing books and her active participation with civic activism and New York protection wings made her yet more popular. It should also be noted that though she was born in S cranton, Pennsylvania she later moved to Toronto and lived there till her last breath. There is however an

ARISTOTLE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

ARISTOTLE - Essay Example He posited that the citizenship of the people should not be classified on the basis of their possession of wealth but other features like their age. For example the older experienced lot would be the ones with mature thinking and the younger people would be those who are yet to pass through the stages of development. Thus according to Aristotle the older people who had more experience would be having a superior position as the citizen rather than the younger people. The older people would be wise enough to take the right decision in construction and execution of the government. He also mentioned that it was not possible to separate the outsiders of the state who took part in the affairs of the state from those who are actually originating from the state. He included in his theory the fact that the children who are born to the parents who are citizens would automatically become citizens of the state (Frede, 2005). Thus citizens have been perceived as those who are supposed to share th e office of the government. Aristotle had conceived of a small state where the people would participate in the various kinds of political affairs and would comprise of the citizens. Small state was a feasible option according to Aristotle because the people would in such case be able to directly participate in the affairs. Every people living in a particular state would know about the other person and therefore the understanding of each others’ character would be easier. The identity of a particular state would be identified by the location and the residents of the state. The state ideally should be set up in such a way that the happiness of the citizens is fulfilled and they can develop a positive feeling for their fellow citizens. Therefore there should be a water body located nearby so that trade among people and across states can take place easily. There should be a constitution of the state that would lay down the rules and regulations and therefore it would contain the true essence of the state. However, he had classified this into two types. One is that which looks into the interest of the common man and therefore is favorable to everyone in the state. It is the just constitution. The unjust one is that which is only inclined in the retention of power and look into selfish interests. Thus monarchy that takes care of all the citizens is a fair form of government while tyranny that is detrimental to the other citizens is not acceptable. He also added that power should be distributes across the people and the person who carries out a particular work efficiently should be entrusted with that work. Aristotle claimed that there was a relationship of discomfort between the rich and the poor in the society. It was the middle class that acted as the balancing force in the society. The balance of power would be ensured if there is equitable distribution of power between the poor and the rich (Collin, 2006). Aristotle believed that education and knowledge w as essential for the proper conservation of the constitution. It is also not justifiable to allow all the men to interfere into the affairs of the state. However, time to time scrutiny is required at the same time by the common man. Education would give rise to rational thought and policies by of the state can be formulated through the use of rational ideas. Aristotle also

Curvature of the Universe: Analysis

Curvature of the Universe: Analysis Introduction 1.1 Reviewing of General Relativity 1.1.1 Metric Tensor The equation which describes the relationship between two given points is called metric and is given by Where interval of space-time between two neighboring points, connects these two points and are the components of contra variant vector. Through the function, any displacement between two points is dependent on the position of them in coordinate system. The displacement between two points in rectangular coordinates system is independent of their components due to homogeneity, so metric is given by Where are the space-time coordinates, is speed of light and is metric for this case and is given by Through the coordinates transformation from rectangular coordinates,, to curved coordinates system the components ofin a curved coordinates system can be found . For constructing rectangular coordinates system in a curved coordinates if space-time is locally flat then it is possible to that locally. From rectangular coordinates system defined locally in a point of a curved space-time to a curved coordinates system can be written as So in this way we can find local values of metric tensor Three important properties of metric tensor are: is symmetric so we have metric tensors are used to lowering or raising indices 1.1.2 Riemann Tensor, Ricci Tensor, Ricci Scalar The tool which plays an important role in identifying the geometric properties of spacetime is Riemann (Curvature) tensor. In terms of Christoffel symbols it is defined as: Where .If the Riemann Tensor vanishes everywhere then the spacetime is considered to be flat. In term of spacetime metric Riemann Tensor can also be written as: thus useful symmetries of the Riemann Tenser are: so due to above symmetries, the Riemann tensor in four dimensional spacetime has only 20 independent components. Now simply contracting the Riemann Tensor over two of the indices we get Ricci Tensor as: above equation is symmetric so it has at most 10 independent components. Now contracting over remaining two indices we get scalar known as Ricci Scalar. Another important symmetry of Riemann Tensor is Bianchi identities This after contracting leads to 1.1.3 Einstein Equation The Einstein equation is the equation of motion for the metric in general theory of relativity is given by: Where is stress energy momentum tensor and is Newton’s constant of Gravitation. Thus the left hand side of this equation measures the curvature of spacetime while the right hand side measures the energy and momentum contained in it.Taking trace of both sides of above equation we obtain using this equation in eq. ( ), we get In vacuum so for this case Einstein equation is We define the Einstein tensor by Taking divergence of above eq. we get 1.1.4 Conservation Equations for Energy momentum Tensor In general relativity two types of momentum-energy tensor,are commonly used: dust and perfect fluid. 1.4.1 Dust: It is simplest possible energy-momentum tensor and is given by The 4-velocity vector for commoving observer is given by, so energy momentum tensor is given by It is an approximation,of the universe at later times when radiation is negligible 1.4.2 Perfect fluid: If there is no heat conduction and viscosity then such type of fluid is perfect fluid and parameterized by its mass density and pressure and is given by It is an approximation of the universe at earlier times when radiation dominates so conservation equations for energy momentum tensor are given by In Minkowski metric it becomes 1.1.5 Evolution of Energy-Momentum Tensor with Time We can use eq. () to determine how components pf energy-momentum tensor evolved with time. The mixed energy-momentum tensor is given by: and its conservation is given by Consider component: Now all non-diagonal terms of vanish because of isotropy so in the first term and in the second term so For a flat, homogeneous and isotropic spacetime which is expanding in its spatial coordinate’s by a scale factor, the metric tensor is obtained from Minkowski metric is given by: The Christoffel symbol by definition Because Because the only non-zero is so from eq. () conservation law in expanding universe becomes after solving above equations we get above equation is used to find out for both matter and radiation scale with expansion. In case of dust approximation we have so So energy-density of matter scale varies as .Now the total amount of matter is conserved but volume of the universe goes as so In case of radiation so from eq.() we obtain Which implies that, science energy density is directly proportional to the energy per particle and inversely proportional to the volume, that is, because so the energy per particle decreases as the universe expands. 1.2 Cosmology In physical cosmology, the cosmological rule is a suspicion, or living up to expectations theory, about the expansive scale structure of the universe. Throughout the time of Copernicus, much data were not accessible for the universe with the exception of Earth, few stars and planets so he expected that the universe might be same from all different planets likewise as it looked from the Earth. It suggests isotropy of the universe at all focuses. Once more, a space which is isotropic at all focuses, is likewise homogeneous. Copernicus rule and this result about homogeneity makes the Cosmological rule (CP) which states that, at a one-time, universe is homogeneous and isotropic. General covariance ensures validity of Cosmological Principle at other times also. 1.2.1 Cosmological metric: Think about a 3D circle inserted in a 4d hyperspace: where is the radius of the 3D sphere. The distance between two points in 4D space is given by solving we get now becomes In spherical coordinates Finally we obtain We could also have a saddle with or a flat space. In literature shorthanded notation is adapted: To isolate time-dependent term, make the following situation: Then where If we introduce conformal time (arc parameter measure of time) as then we can express the 4D line element in term of FRW metric: 1.2.2 Friedmann Equation: We can now figure out Einstein field mathematical statement for perfect fluid. All the calculations are carried out in comoving frame where and energy-momentum tensor is given by Raising the index of the Einstein tensor equation we get After contracting over indices and we get so Einstein’s Equation can be written as It is easily found for perfect fluid finally we obtain the components of Ricci tenser The components are and components are To get a closed system of equations, we need a relationship of equation states which relates and so solving At this point when we joined together with equation 62 comparisons in the connection of energy-momentum tensor and the equation of states, we get a closed frame work of Friedmann equations: 1.2.3 Solutions of Friedmann Equations: We are going to comprehend Friedmann equation for the matter dominated and radiation dominated universe and get the manifestation of scale factor. From the definition of Hubble’s law Matter Dominated Universe: : It is showed by dust approximation As both and, for flat universe (), ( an) for . When combined with equation, this yields critical density Currently it value is (we used).The quantity provide relationship between the density of the universe and the critical density so it is given by Now the second Friedmann equation for matter dominated Universe becomes so lastly Radiation-dominated Universe: It is showed by perfect fluid approximation with The second Friedmann Equation becomes Flat Universe Matter Dominated Universe (dust approximation) The first Friedmann equation becomes At the Big bang Using convention and universe flat condition we finally get Now we can calculate the age of universe, which corresponds to the Hubble rate and scale factor to be: Taking and we get Years Radiation-dominated: The First Friedmann equation becomes At the big bang and .Also we have Closed Universe Matter-dominated The first Equation becomes In term of conformal time we can rewrite the above integral as After substituting and using equation Then but we have so we get . Now but we have at sets. So we have now the dependence of scale factor in term of the time parameterized by the conformal time as Radiation-dominated Universe: The first Friedmann equation becomes In term of conformal time we can re write the integral as but we have conditions at sets so we get and the requirement at sets , finally we have Open Universe Matter-dominated (dust approximation): The first Friedmann equation In term of conformal time we can rewrite the integral as Take

Frankenstein: Less Human Than His Creation Essay -- essays research pa

There are obvious similarities between Victor and his creation; each is abandoned, isolated, and both start out with good intentions. However, Victor’s ego in his search for god-like capabilities overpowers his humanity. The creature is nothing but benevolent until society shuns him as an outcast on account of his deformities. The creature is more humane than his own creator because his wicked deeds are committed in response to society’s corruption; while Frankenstein’s evil work stems only from his own greed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Victor Frankenstein and his creation are very much alike. Both are abandoned by their creators at a young age; Frankenstein is left without his mother after her death, the creature is rejected by Frankenstein's abandonment. Frankenstein and the monster are also similar in that they are isolated and outcasts of society. Frankenstein is hypothetically an outcast when he consumes himself in work and is isolated when the creature kills those he loves, and the creature is obviously isolated as a hideous outcast of society. Victor Frankenstein starts out with good intentions; he is merely seeking to gain knowledge of natural philosophy. Soon, his greed for god-like power overcomes him and he becomes consumed with the idea of creating life, â€Å"Summer months passed while I was thus engaged, heart and soul, in one pursuit† (32). The creature also starts out with kindness, he tells his creator, â€Å"Believe me, Frankenstein: I was benevolent; my soul glowed with love and humanity: but am I not alone, miserably alone?† (66). However, after society refuses to accept him based on personal appearance, the creature becomes angry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The creature has an overwhelming capacity to love as can be seen in his admiration for the peasants, â€Å"[The creature’s] thoughts now became more active, and [he] longed to discover the motives and feelings of these lovely creatures... [he] thought (foolish wretch!) that it might be in [his] power to restore happiness to these deserving people† (77). The creature’s display of care and compassion for the cottagers is more humane than most humans are; he retains the innocence and naive characteristics of a child. The creature’s grasp of human-like qualities allows the reader to possess sympathy for his situation; he is a victim and Frankenstein is to blame. A true monster would, by definiti... ...imself] which nothing could extinguish† (57). The creature is a portrayal of Eve’s role in Paradise Lost. The creature is persuaded by the behavior of others to take his fall into wickedness, much like Eve was pushed by the serpent to eat the forbidden fruit. Shelley blatantly makes this comparison when Frankenstein gets a first glance of himself in a scene that mirrors Eve’s first look at herself. The creature tells Victor, â€Å"I [was] terrified when I viewed myself in a transparent pool! At first I stared back, unable to believe that it was indeed I who was reflected in the mirror; and when I became fully convinced that I was in reality the monster that I am, I was filled with the bitterest sensations of despondence and mortification† (108).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Despite their similarities, Victor and his creation differ greatly. Only after rejection does the creature turn to evil; while Victor acts out of greed. Victor’s self-centered behavior effects everyone in the novel; he hurts his family’s feelings, he lets those that he loves die, and abandons his own creation. Even the creature couldn’t have committed such horrible acts before the effects of society’s rejection.